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The role of the principal covers may
different a was including leadership, teacher evaluation, student discipline, and
several others. Being an effective principal is hard work and is time constituents
involved.
A
school principal is the primary leader in a school building. A good leader
always leads by example. A principal should be positive, enthusiastic, have
their hand in day to day activities of the school, and listen to what their
constituents are saying.
An effective leader is available to
teachers, staff members, parents,
Student
and community members. Good leader stays
calm in difficult situations, thinks before they act, and puts the needs of the
school before themselves. An effective principal step up to fill in holes as
need even if it isn’t a part of his daily routine.
By implication, the principal of a school
is a planner, director,
Controller,
co-ordinator, organizer, adviser and a problem solver(Maduabum,2013).The
principal is the person on whose shoulders rest the entire administration,
success or failure of the school which of course must be in line with the
national objectives, analyzes tasks and share responsibilities of the staff
according to specialization and expertise.(Uyanga,2007)
The following are therefore the
duties of the principal in the school.
(1)Management of school
finance:-The principal is the chief executive and accounting officer who is
entrusted with the responsibility of controlling the revenue occurring from the
school and ensuring the utilization of P.T.A levy. In order to raise fund to
complement the effort of the government, the principal in establish a good
rapport with the parents teachers Association, Board of Governors, Old student
Association and non-Governmental organizations for fund raising activities.
(2)Principal as a
curriculum and instructional supervisor:-the function of the school principal
as a supervisor include obtaining and making available for teacher all educational information: Visiting
Classroom often to observe his teachers teaching; Inspecting teachers lesson
notes and class registers, diaries and teaching aids and also offer
professional advice for their improvement.
(3)Principal as a change
facilitator:-The principal is the critical person in making change to occur.
According to Uyanga (2008),Since a school is known to be an instrument of
change and reforms in the society, the principal is said to be the pivot of
such reforms and changes. The principal is the key-supporting agent for change.
(4)The Principal as a
motivator:-As the chief executive the principal owes it a duty to modify the
attitude of the staff and motivate them to put in their best at achieving
educational goals through effective teaching-learning process. e.t.c.
The Principal As Leader An
overview
Education research shows that most school variables,
considered separately, have at most small effects on learning. The real payoff
comes when individual variables combine to reach critical mass. Creating the
conditions under which that can occur is the job of the principal.
For
more than a decade, the Wallace foundation has supported efforts to improve
leadership in public school. In addition to funding projects in 28 states and
numerous school districts within them, Wallace has issued more than 70 research
reports and other publications covering school leadership on topic ranging from
how principals are trained to how they are evaluated on the job. Through all
this work, we have learned a great deal about the nature of festiveness to
improved student achievement.
This Wallace perspective is a cutting of our
lesson to describe what it is that effective principal do. In short, we believe
they perform five key practice well:
(1)Shaping a vision of
academic success for all students.
(2)Creating a climate
hospitable to education
(3)Cultivating
leadership in other’s
(4)Improving Instruction
(5)Managing people data
and processes to foster school improve.
The
School principal as Leader
Traditionally, the principal resembled the
middle manager suggested in William whyte’s1905’s Classic the organization
man-an overseer of buses, boilers and books. Today, in a rapidly Era of
standards based reform and accountability, a different conception has
emerged-one closer to the model suggested by Jim Collins 2001 Good to Great,
which draws lessons from contemporary corporate life to suggest leadership that
focuses within great clarity on what is essential,
what need to be done and how to get it done.
This shift brings with it dramatic changes
in what public education needs from principals. They can no longer function
simply as building managers, tasked with adhering to district rules carrying
out regulations and avoiding ,mistakes. They have to be (or become)leaders of
learning who can develop a team delivering effective instruction.
Wallace’s work since
2000 suggestion that this entails fire key responsibilities.
(1)Shaping a vision of
academic success for all students one based on high standard.
(2)Creating a climate
hospitable to education in order that safety a co-operative spirit and other
foundations of fruitful interaction prevail.
(3)Cultivating
Leadership in other so that teacher and other adults assume their parts in
realizing the school vision.
(4)Improving instruction
to enable teachers to teach at Their best and student to learn to their utmost.
(5)Managing people, data
and processes to foster school improvement.
1. What
are some of the major problems he she encounter in his Administration career.
The problems militating effective
administration of secondary schools and the roles of the principals towards ,
meeting the goals of the system. The following are some of the problems
militating the which have hinder the system from achieving its lofty goals:.
1. Inadequate
funding: Inadequate finding is one of
the obstacles to effective management of secondary education in the country.
According to Aghenta {1984}, the success of any secondary school depends upon
the resources available to it. Money is very important in the school can be
obtained, such as school building, purchase of equipment, payment of teachers
salaries and allowances and running expenses.
Inadequate funding has resulted in poor
teaching and dilapidated building { Omoregie, 2005}. There is no doubt
whatsoever, that the inadequate funding of the secondary school system in
country has hindered the accomplishment of some of the aims and objectives of
this level of education as contained in the National policy on education.
2. Inadequate
facilities: School facilities are the
material resources that facilitate teaching and learning in school.
The state of infrastructural delay in many
secondary schools in Nigeria is a manifestation of poor funding of the system.
Ahmed {2003} revealed that in most of the Nations secondary schools, teaching
and learning take place under most uncondusive environment, lacking the
materials and this hindered the fulfillment of educational objective.
3. Poor
supervision of school: the primary
responsibility of inspector is to see that the standard are maintained and that
school are run in accordance with the laid down regulations, while it has been
argued that the principals have been discharging their duties as internal
supervisors, the external supervisor { inspectors from the ministry of
education appear} non..functional as
they seldom visit schools to monitor the operations in these schools.
4. Frequent
change in policies: The term “policy”
can be explained as statement, which expresses goals, and the means of
achieving them. Education policies, which may take the form of ordinance, code
or even an act, have been observed to change with changes in the political leadership
of Nigeria. Principals of schools are often caught in this web when government
existing educational policy. The inconsistencies in educational policies have
been argued to be responsible for the poor service delivery in the system.
Question
A
DRAW
AN ORGANISATIONAL CHART OF A SECONDARY SCHOOL
An organizational chart shows the
internal structure and hierarchies of an organization. Like a business, school
or government entity. It creates an easy visual depiction for the ranks of
different people jobs, and departments that make up the organization.
Organizational charts also help to determine how authority and information flow
between people and departments.
The employees are represented by
boxes, and elbowed link the levels together.
A typical example of an
organization chart is that of Faith Academy Day Secondary School
FAIT
ACADEMY ORGANOGRAM
Education Commission
Governing
Council
|
Principal
REFERENCES
Obidoa M. {2006}. Enhancing the instructional super visory skills of
principals of seconday schools.
Principals year book. A
publication of all Nigerian conference of principals of secondary {ANCOPS}.
Nsukkar Nigeria. Moke socials publisher.
1.
Omoregie.N {2005}. Re packing secondary education in
Nigeria for a great and dynamic economy.
Paper presented at the 2nd
Annual National conference of Association for encouraging qualitative education
in Nigeria {ASSEQEN} 9th to 11th May.
Osuade, A.U {2008}. The recevance
of evaluation in teaching and learning in the school system .P.N .C Ngwu
{ed}
The principal and education reforms in Nigeria. A publication of the
mandating containing professional training {MCPT} programe of the All Nigeria
conference of principal of secondary schools {ANCOPS}.
Uyanga,P. E {2008}. The principal and education reform agenda of the
Nigeria economic empowerment development strategy {NEEDS} and the millenimum
developmental goals {MDGs}. M. P.N. C. Ngwu {ed}. The principal and education
reforms in Nigeria. A publication of the mandatory containing professional
training {MCPT} programme of the All Nigeria conference of principals of
secondary schools {ANCOPS} 94..102.
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